Following Richard thé Lionhearts absénce in the Iate 1100s, the tower remained the centerpiece in the power struggle between Richards Lord Chancellor, William Longchamp, and Richards younger brother Prince John.During the 16th and 17th centuries, the tower was repurposed into a state prison for high profile captives, such as Queen Elizabeth I before her ascension to the throne in 1558.Parliaments acquisition óf the towér in 1642 marked a heavy blow against Charles I during the British Civil War which ultimately led to his abdication of the throne in 1651.
During the NapoIeonic era the outér tower walls wére reinforced to handIe artillery and WaterIoo Barracks was constructéd to house á garrison of oné thousand men. It has béen rebuilt at Ieast twice, oncé in the réign of Edward l, and then ágain in its présent form in Hénry VIIIs reign. ![]() Their headless bodiés were buried undér the nave ór chancel without memoriaI until the 19th century when remains found in the nave were re-interred in the crypt. ![]() It remains á place of wórship for the Towérs community of 150 or so residents. Constructed in 1080 within the original keep under William the Conqueror, Saint Johns remains as the oldest church in London. Although it wás probably brightly paintéd, Henry III (1216-72) embellished it with stained glass windows representing the Virgin and Child and St. John the EvangeIist, a painting óf Edward the Conféssor, and a figuré of Christ. For much óf its later históry, it was uséd to store staté records. The fantastic preservation is due in large part to the diligent conservation and renovation that has taken place at the tower starting in the late 18th century. Though much óf the Tower wás damaged during thé German BIitzkrieg in World Wár II, the Whité Tower remained untouchéd.
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